The Internet (sometimes called “the Net” for short) is a network of computers linked together. It started in 1969 as a US military experiment to share computer resources more efficiently. Later, it was expanded to include colleges and research facilities.
Today, the Net has grown into a massive public broadcast medium. It is an international network of mixed computer technology with more than 600 million users using several different computer languages called protocols. HTML is one the most common and popular protocol.
Where Did HTML Come From?In March of 1989, 20 years after the Internet was “born,” Tim Berners-Lee, a computer scientist at the European Laboratory for Particle Physics (CERN) in Geneva, Switzerland published a paper titled Information Management: A Proposal. In it, he suggested a way of managing information by linking related documents and having them all available over a computer network so physicists could share research results with each other.
At the time, SGML, or Standard Generalized Markup Language, was the standard format for large-scale documents accessed by researchers using computers. As more computers were networked, more documents were put online in SGML format, but SGML was unwieldy and difficult to use.
HTML, or Hypertext Markup Language, combined the wide acceptance of SGML with ease of use. Instead of many commands, HTML used only a small subset, making it easier to learn.
What was truly different about HTML, however, was the concept of links, or references to other documents. Each SGML document was designed to stand alone, but HTML documents are designed to refer to other documents.
These references can appear in any web page on any site, and are not limited to references to the same site. This crisscrossing of references makes the World Wide Web a web, and because of its ability to link documents, HTML became the basic language of the Web.
The Web Development CycleEach document produced in HTML is considered to be one web page …no matter how long or short it is. An entire group of web pages collected at one location is called a web site (or just “site” for short.)
There are four major stages in the web development cycle:
1. Planning — Writing a web page is simple, however, if you want to create a good site, you will need to put some planning into it. You need to decide what you want to say, organize your thoughts, research what you want it to look like and decide what should be linked to what. This should all be done in the planning stage.
2. Creating — After the web site is planned, you need to write the text and format it with HTML commands. You will also need to gather or create the graphics you will use in your site.
3. Testing — After each page is created, you will need to test it on one or more different browsers to make sure it looks and acts like you want it to. You can do the initial testing off-line, on your computer and correct any mistakes before you publish.
4. Publishing —Publishing a web site is similar to publishing a book…you make it available to anyone who wants to see it by uploading, or moving your finished page (or pages) from your computer to a web server. A web server is simply a computer whose job it is to send the file to any computer asking to look at it. In creating complicated web pages, it's not unusual for the web page creator to write part of the page, test it, and then write more. The writing and testing stages of the web development cycle usually take the most amount of time.
Elements of Web PagesWindows Elements
The title of Webpage is the text that appears on the title bar of the browser window when the webpage appears.The title ,which usually the first element you see ,should identify and briefly explain the page’s contents or pupose of visitors.
The body of webpage contains the information that is displayed in browser window.The body can include text,graphics and other elements.
Text Elements
Normal Text is the default text format used for main contents of Web page
at the most basic level, every Web page is a text document. A text document is a file that contains words, letters, and numbers with or without any formatting.
Headings are the large font size than normal text and often are bold or italic or different color than normal text.
Image Elements
You can use logos, graphical text, or images and WordArt to add a professional look to your Web pages. Web page uses three types of files as images: GIF, JPEG, and PNP. The last major “technical” Web graphics consideration is file size, which is directly related to download speeds
Hyperlink Elements.
One of more important elements of Web page is hyperlink, or link .A Link is text, an image or another Web page element that you click to instruct the browser to go to a location in a file or to request a file from server. Text links are also called hypertext links are mostly used hyperlinks.
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